ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report the results of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for early lung cancer in 4 690 asymptomatic participants at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between July 2007 and June 2012.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After informed consent and questionnaire forms were obtained, 4 690 asymptomatic participants ≥ 40 years underwent chest low dose spiral CT scanning. According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guideline for lung cancer screening (version 1.1, 2012), all participants were assigned to three groups, namely high-risk, moderate-risk and low-risk groups. In terms of gender, smoking history and second-hand tobacco smoking exposure history, two other groups named male and female never-smoker groups who were exposed to second-hand tobacco smoking were designated. The positive results were identified as at least one solid or part-solid nodule measuring ≥ 5 mm, or non-solid nodule ≥ 8 mm in diameter. LDCT scanning protocol, criteria of management according to the size and consistency of pulmonary nodules were compliant with the International Early Lung Cancer Active Program (I-ELCAP). TNM staging of all lung cancers were based on the clinical evidence and pathological findings.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In various risk status group of the participants, the percentage of positive results of baseline CT were 27.0% (86/319), 19.3% (199/1 029) and 11.3% (377/3 342), respectively. A total of 26 participants (27 lesions) were diagnosed as lung cancer (11 in men, 15 in women). The detection rate of lung cancer was 0.6% (26/4 690). Besides a SCLC (limited-disease, LD), 25 cases (76.0%) were stage I including 24 NSCLC and one cacinoid on baseline LDCT and the surgical resection rate was 88.5% (23/26). The diameter of resected cancers was 6.9-29.5 mm (median, 16.3 mm). For female never smokers aged 40 years or older who were exposed to second-hand smoking, the detection rate of lung cancer was higher than that of the high-risk and male never smokers who were exposed to second-hand smoking (1.4% vs. 0.9%, 0.4%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results indicate that LDCT can detect small lung cancers and most of the cancers are detected at an early stage. Emphasis should be placed on the non-smoking female individuals who are exposed to second-hand smoking in China.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , China , Early Detection of Cancer , Lung Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , Mass Screening , Neoplasm Staging , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Smoking , Epidemiology , Tomography, Spiral Computed , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To detect the levels of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 Antibodies (LMP1-Ab) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)sera and discuss the clinical significance of this test in diagnosis, prognosis, and immune-targeted therapy of NPC.@*METHOD@#Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot method were used to detect the LMP1-Ab levels in 61 NPC sera, 30 nasopharyngitis sera, and 55 normal sera. The relationship between the LMP1-Ab level and clinical and pathological features of NPC was analyzed.@*RESULT@#ELISA test showed that LMP1 antibodies level was significantly higher in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group than those in nasopharyngitis group and in healthy group and there were statistical significances (all P0.05). Western blot test revealed that the expression of LMP1 antibodies was higher in NPC sera than in nasopharyngitis sera and in normal sera.@*CONCLUSION@#LMP1-Ab level was higher in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group than in nasopharyngitis group and in normal group. Therefore, LMP1 may be considered as a tumor correlated antigen to help the diagnosis and immune-targeted therapy of NPC.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antibodies, Viral , Blood , Carcinoma , Case-Control Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Allergy and Immunology , Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms , Blood , Pathology , Viral Matrix Proteins , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the mechanism of different HLA-G isoform mRNA patterns in different cells alters its cell membrane expression.Methods RT-PCR was used to analyze HLA-G isoform mRNA(HLA-Gl-6)of ovarian cancer cell lines HO-8910,HO-8910PM and OVCAR-3,leukemia cell lines Jurkat,K562,HIJ60,MUTIZ-1,and the chorioeareinoma cell lines JEG-3,JAR.HLA-G between cellular membrane and intracellular expression were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results All HLA-G mRNA isoforms were observed in the positive control cell line JEG-3,but none in the negative control cell line JAR.HLA-G1 isoform mRNA was expressed in HO-8910,HO-8910PM,OVCAR-3,MUTZ-1 and Jurkat cells.HLA-G2 mRNA was not detected in any cell line but JEG-3.HLA-G3 mRNA was found in HO-8910,HO-8910PM,K562,HIJ60,MUTZ-1,OVCAR-3 and Jurkat cells.HO-8910,HO-8910PM,HIJ60,Jurkat cells expre8sed HLA-G4 mRNA.Only the Jurkat cells expressed HLA-G5 mRNA.FACS results showed that JEG3 and HO-8910PM cells membrane expressed HLA-G,however,the intraeellular HLA-G expression was detected in all tested cells except the negative control cell JAR.Conclusion Only the HLA-G1 isoform could be exDressed on cell membrane in particular cell lines. Other isoforms including HLA-C2,-G3,-G4,-G5 and HLA-G6 could not reach cell snrface.